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一、Multiple-Choice

1． What kind of sounds can we make when the vocal cords are vibrating?（ ）

A.V oiceless

B.V oiced

C.Glottal stop

D.Consonant

【答案】B

【解析】声带振动产生浊音。

2． Which of the following is NOT a suprasegmental feature?（ ）

A.Pitch.

B.Stress.

C.Tone.

D.Intonation.

【答案】A

【解析】超音段特征包括重音、语调和音调。A 选项为音高，不属于超音段特征。因此，本题的正确答案为A.

3． A child acquires his/her mother tongue invariably through these phases（ ）, one-word, two-word and multiword.

A.no-word

B.babbling

C.talking

D.uttering

【答案】B

【解析】婴儿学习母语的过程分为四个阶段：呀呀学语阶段，单语词阶段，双语词阶段和多语词阶段。

4． It is true that words may shift in meaning, i.e. semantic change. The semantic change of the word tail belongs to（ ）.

A.narrowing of meaning

B.meaning shift

C.loss of meaning

D.widening of meaning

【答案】D

【解析】“tail”它曾经表示马的尾巴，现在可表示任何动物的尾巴，属于词义的扩大。

5． During language acquisition , children go through several stages , during which stage they begin to have sensitivity to the phonetic distinctions used in their parents’ language.（ ）

A.Holophrastic stage

B.Two word stage

C.Three word stage

D.Fluent grammatical conversation stage

【答案】A

【解析】孩子们的语言习得要经历三个阶段，单词句阶段，双词句阶段，以及三词句阶段。在单词句阶段，孩子们会对其父母话语中的语音特征特别敏感。

6． Which of the following is the concern of “reference ”？（ ）

A.It is concerned with the inherent meaning of a linguistic form.

B.It is the collection of all the features of the linguistic form.

C.It is the study of what a linguistic form refers to in the real physical world,

D.It is the aspect of meaning dictionary compilers are interested in.

【答案】C

【解析】sense 和reference 同属于meaning 的两个方面。sense 是关于语言形式的内部意义，是语言形式所有特点的集合，字典编纂者对此项感兴趣。选项C 是关于reference 的解释，指一种语言形式在现实世界中所指代 的事物。因此，本题的正确答案为C 。

二、True-or-false

7． The smallest meaningful unit of language is allomorph.（ ）

【答案】F

【解析】语言最小的有意义的单位是语素不是语素变体。

8． It is conclusive that Chinese is regarded as the primeval language.（ ）

【答案】F

【解析】汉语是经过长期发展而来的高级语言而不是一种原始语言。

9． Some linguists maintain that a word group is an extension of word of a particular class.（ ）

【答案】T

【解析】词组是指一组具有一定词性的词的组合扩展，且此过程并不改变词原来的词性。

10．The assimilation rule assimilates one sound to another by copying a feature of a sequential phoneme , thus making the two phones similar.（ ）

【答案】F

【解析】应该是两个音或两个音位同化。