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2018年福建师范大学外国语学院826英语综合之语言学教程考研核心题库

  摘要

一、Multiple-Choice

1. A sound which is capable of distinguishing one word or one shape of word from another in a given language is a( )

A.allophone

B.phone

C.phoneme

【答案】C

【解析】音位是音系学研究的一个基本单位,是一组语音特征的抽象集合体,具有区别意义的作用。

2. “Formal ” and “informal ” are features of( ).

A slang

B lingua franca

C style

D jargon

【答案】C

【解析】风格一般有正式与非正式之分。

3. Which of the following words is formed by the process of blending?( )

A.WTO

B.Motel

C.Bookshelf

D.red-faced

【答案】B

【解析】混成法是指一个词由两个单词混合而成,一般把第一个单词的开头部分和第二个单

Motel 是由motor 与hotel 二词词的最后部分连接 起来,或者是把两个单词的幵头部分连接起来。

的缩合。

4. According to( )theory , grammar refers to the initial state of the human language faculty.

A.Saussure’s

B.Bloomfield’s

C.Chomsky’s

D.Halliday’s

【答案】D

【解析】韩礼德认为,人类语言能力的最初形式即是对语法知识的了解。

5. How many maxims are under Grice’s CP?( )

A.Two.

B.Three.

C.Four.

D.Five.

【答案】C

【解析】美国哲学家Grice 提出会话的合作原则具体体现为:数量准则、质量准则、关联准则、方式准则。因 此,本题的正确答案为C 。

6. For structuralists, ( )is one whose distribution is functionally equivalent to that of one or more of its constituents.

A.coordinate construction

B.subordinate construction

C.endocentric construction

D.exocentric construction

【答案】C

【解析】向心结构包含一个作为整体结构的中心或核心的成分,该中心或核心可以在最后,也可以在开头。

二、True-or-false

7. Speech act theory was proposed by G. Leech.( )

【答案】F

【解析】言语行为理论是由奥斯丁提出的。

8. We can always tell by the words a compound contains what it means because the meaning of a compound is always the sum of the meanings of its parts.( )

【答案】F

【解析】合成词的词义不一定是两个单词词义的和,也可能是成为惯用语的其他意思。

9. After comparing “They stopped at the end of the corridor. ” with “At the end of the corridor , they stopped”,you may find some difference in meaning, and the difference can be interpreted in terms of collocative meaning.( )

【答案】F

【解析】搭配意义是通过词语的常用搭配而传达的意义。主位意义是通过顺序和重音这种信息的

方式所传达 的意义。显然这里用的是主位意义。

10.Blank verse consists of lines in iambic pentameters which do not rhyme.( )

【答案】T

【解析】无韵诗是由不押韵的抑扬格五音步诗组成的。