In approximating costs, the estimator considers the possible causes ofvariation of the cost estimates, including（） budget。 plan。 risk。 contract。
On some projects, especially ones of smaller scope, activity sequencing, activity resource estimating, activity duration estimating, and（）are so tightly linkedthat they are viewed as a single process that can be performed by a person over a relatively short period of time. time estimating。 cost estimating。 project planning。 schedule development。
Project（）Management includes the processes required to ensure that theproj ect includes all the work required, and only the work required, to complete the project successfully. Integration。 Scope。 Configuration。 Requirement。
（） from one phase are usually reviewed for completeness and accuracy and approved before work starts on the next phase. Process。 Milestone。 Work。 Deliverables。
（）involves comparing actual or planned project practices to those of other projects to generate ideas for improvement and to provide a basis by which to measure performance.These other projects can be within the performing organization or outside of it,and can be within the same or in another application area. Metrics。 Measurement。 Benchmarking。 Baseline。
根据《防治船舶污染海洋环境管理条例》规定具体负责防治船舶及其有关作业活动污染海洋环境的监督管理的机构是（）。
