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中山大学2005年攻读硕士学位研究生入学考试试题

科目代码：453

科目名称：语言学概论

参考答案：

I ．

1. allergic / / 2. bathed /

3.bazzar/bə´za:r/ 4. chauvinist /´ /

5. dinosaur/ / 6.ecstasy/ /

7.gasoline/ / 8.immature / /

9. Kuwaiti / / 10.oar / /

II.

1. metafunction

2. England

3.deictic

4.Lectures on Government and Binding

5.Yale

6. corpora

7.information

8.structuralism

9.C.J.Fillmore

10. word

11. iambic

12.communicative

13.functionalist

14.stream of consciousness

15.assimilation

III.

1. Langue refers to the abstract linguistic system shared by all the members of a speech community. Langue is the set of conventions and rules which language users all have to abide by. It is abstract and relatively stable.

2. The phonemic features that occur above the level of the segments are called suprasegmental features. The main suprasegmental features include stress, intonation, and tone.

3. Determiner is a word which is used with a noun, and which limits the meaning of the noun I some way. For example, in English, the determiner can be realized by a, this, her, some, etc.

4. Ferdinand de Saussure is a Swiss linguist who is often described as “father of modern linguistics”. The great work, Course in General Linguistics, which was based on his lecture notes marked the beginning of modern linguistics. Saussure’s idea on the arbitrary nature of sign, one the relational nature of linguistic units, on the distinction of langue and parole and of synchronic and diachronic linguistics, etc. pushed linguistics into a brand new stage.