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广西民族大学2007年硕士研究生入学考试试题

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学科专业：外国语言学与应用语言学 研究方向：翻译理论与实践（英语）

考试科目： 翻译与写作 试卷代号：A 卷 Part 1 Writing

1.Composition (50 points)

Write an essay of at least 500 words on the title of “On the Value of Failure in Life”. You should give examples to support your points.

2. Summary (20 points)

Read carefully the following passage and summarize its contents in 100—150 words. Note you must not copy complete sentences directly from the original. Failure to do so would incur deduction of your scores.

Sometime later I learned that Professor I.S. Hayakawa, teaching freshman English, had invented a better technique. Every day in class he asked his students to write without stopping for about half an hour. They could write on whatever topic or topics they chose, but the important thing was not to stop. If they ran dry, they were to copy their last sentence over and over again until new idea came. Usually they came before the sentence had been copied once. I use this idea in my own classes, and call this kind of paper a Non-Stop. Sometime I ask students to write a Non-Stop on an assigned topic, more often on anything they choose. Once in a while I ask them to count up how many words they have written though I rarely ask them to tell me; it is for their own information. Sometimes these papers are to be handed in; often they are what I call private papers, for the students’ eyes alone.

The private paper has proved very useful. In the first place, in any English class--- certainly any large English class--- if the amount the students write is limited by what the teacher can find time to correct, or even to read, the students will not write nearly enough. The only remedy is to have them write a great deal that the teacher does not read. In the second place, students writing for themselves will write about many things that they would never write on a paper to be handed in , once they have learned (sometimes it takes a while) that the teacher means what he says about the papers being private. This is important, not just because it enables them to get things off their chest, but also because they are most likely to write well, and to pay attention to how they write, when they are writing about something important to them.

Some English teachers, when they first hear about private papers, object that students do not benefit from writing papers unless the papers are corrected. I disagree for several reasons. First, most students, particularly poor students, do not read the corrections on their papers; it is boring, even painful. Second, even when they do read these corrections, they do not get much help from them，do not build the teacher’s suggestions into their writing. This is true even when they really believe the teacher knows what he is talking about.

Third, and most important, we learn to write by writing, not by reading other people’s ideas about writing. What most students need above all else is practice in writing, and particularly in writing about things that

matter to them, so that they will begin to feel the satisfaction that comes from getting important thoughts down in words and will care about stating these thoughts forcefully and clearly.

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