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东南大学

2003年攻读硕士学位研究生入学考试试题

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课程编号：451

课程名称：语言学与翻译

语言学部分（90分）

Ⅰ. Determine whether the following statements are true of false(15分)

1. The reason for French to use cheval and for English to use horse to refer to the same animal is inexplicable.

2. Most animal communication systems lack the primary level of articulation.

3. Modern linguistics gives priority to diachronic studies of language.

4. [P] as in speak is aspirated.

5. Complementary distribution of allophones is unpredictable.

6. All bound morphemes are affixes.

7. Voiceless labiodental stop is not available in English.

8. One of the disadvantages of ICA is that it fails to account for ambiguious structures.

9. In the semiotic triangle, there is no direct relationship between symbol and referent.

10. If a word has sense, it must have reference.

11. Predication of a sentence is identical to the proposition of the sentence.

12. The performative utterance has no truth value.

13. Micro-sociolinguistics is sociolinguistics proper.

14. Regional dialect is a variety of language related to the use of language.

15. Linguistic competence is one variety of cultural competence.

Ⅱ. Fill in the blanks with appropriate information (10分)

1. The ability for a native speaker to understand a sentence that has never been heard before is referred to as ____.

2. The dancing of bees to signal a honey source is similar to ____.

3. IPA refers to ____.

4. Deep structures are changed into suface structures by means of _____.

5. In terms of componential analysis, the distinctive component in boy and girl is ___.

6. The predication as in It is raining hard is ____.

7. If an argument of one proposition is hyponymous to an argument of the other, the two propositions are in relation of ____.

8. In the addition of new words, smog is a(n) ____.

9. Waltz is borrowed from ____.

10. The tolality of linguistic varieties possessed by an individual constitutes his/her _____.