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对外经济贸易大学

2004年攻读硕士学位研究生入学考试

专业英语（B ）试题答案

I Define the following terms in English

1. trade diversion: the trade effect that the former low-cost imports from non-membership countries are replaced by the higher cost imports from the member countries of a customs union.

2. product portfolio: a product strategy in which a firm maintains a certain combination of a new, growing and mature products.

3. product life cycle: the process of product from appearing on the market to disappearing on the market, including introduction, growth, maturity and decline.

4.concessionary finance: the commercial banks provide concessionary finance to the exporters for financing the exports of eligible commodities on case-by-case basis against individual Firm Export Order or Irrevocable Letter of Credit.

5 Maastrichit Treaty: Treaty signed by European Common Market heads in Dec. 1991, whose main purpose is to enhance the Economic and Monetary Union (EMU) and to build a central bank of Europe and issue a common currency

6. fundamental disequilibrium: A “fundamental disequilibrium” exists when outward payments have a continuing tendency not to balance inward payments.

7. high-context culture: a culture where communication depends on the degree to which meaning comes from the setting or from words being exchanged.

8. cartel: a combination of independent often international companies intended to limit competition and increase profits.

II Read the following passage and choose a sentence from the list to fill in the gaps below

1 B 2 E 3 J 4 G 5 A 6. D 7 H 8 F

III. Read the article below and answer the question that follow

1.China has a very large trade surplus with the United States. The American government thought that the Chinesee exports were cheaper because of the undervalued RMB. And China has the world second largest reserves of dollars.

2.First, both Japan and Germany have great trade surplus with the US, however, the US didn’t bring up any objection towards them. Second, cheaper imports from China have benefited American consumers, increased their income; and also help the American industries. Because the money saved can be used to buy more capital goods. Third, China’s buying heavily in the US debt market has helped to keep the market stability of the US.

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