2018年武汉科技大学外国语学院620外国语专业综合之语言学教程考研仿真模拟五套题
● 摘要
一、Multiple-Choice
1. When the truth of sentence (a ) guarantees the truth of sentence (b ) , and the falsity of sentence (b ) guarantees the falsity of sentence (a ) , we can say that( ).
A.sentence (a ) presupposes sentence (b )
B.sentence (a ) entails sentence (b )
C.sentence (a ) is inconsistent with sentence (b )
D.sentence (a ) contradicts sentence (b )
【答案】B
【解析】如果a 蕴含b ,那么它们存在着如下的真值关系:当a 为真时,b 也一定为真;当b 为假时,a 为假。
2. The function of the sentencet “Water boils at 100 degree Centigrade”is. ( )
A.interrogative
B.directive
C.informative
D.performative
【答案】C
【解析】语言的信息功能是指语言用来陈述某件事情,提供信息或用作推理。
3. The actual production and comprehension of the speech by speakers of a language is called.( )
A.grammar rules
B.competence
C.performance
D.language device
【答案】C
【解析】语言应用指在语言交际中关于语言规则知识的实际使用。
4. A child acquires his/her mother tongue invariably through these phases( ), one-word, two-word and multiword.
A.no-word
B.babbling
C.talking
D.uttering
【答案】B
【解析】婴儿学习母语的过程分为四个阶段:呀呀学语阶段,单语词阶段,双语词阶段和多语词阶段。
5. The consonant /s/ in the word “smile ” can be described as( )
A.voiceless , oral, alveolar, fricative
B.voiceless , nasal, bilabial, liquid
C.voiced , oral, alveolar, plosive
D.voiced , oral, bilabial, fricative
【答案】A 【解析】是清音,摩擦音,齿龈音。
6. ( ) refer to the relationship that linguistic units have with other units because they may occur together in a sentence.
A.Syntagmatic relations
B.Hypotactic relations
C.Paradigmatic relations
D.Paratactic relations
【答案】A
【解析】句法关系可能发生在句子层面,所以通常我们说句法关系是指一个语言单位与另一个语言单位之间的 关系。
7. Which one of them is not the cohesive device( ).
A.ellipsis
B.reference
C.substitution
D.subject
【答案】D
【解析】有很多衔接手段,例如,指称,替代,省略。主语不属于衔接手段。
8. ( )is defined as a conscious process of accumulating knowledge of a second language usually obtained in school settings.
A.Competence
B.Performance
C.Learning
D.Acquisition
【答案】C
【解析】在学校里我们会学到第二语言,对第二语言知识的这种有意识的积累,叫做“学习”。
9. The most important contribution of the Prague School to linguistics is that it sees language in terms of( ).
A.function
B.meaning
C.signs
D.system
【答案】A
【解析】布拉格学派将语言看作是在所属语言群体中发挥一系列功能的工具,这是其对语言学界的一大贡献。
10.The study of language acquisition is generally known as.( )
A.theoretical linguistics
B.psycholinguistics
C.applied linguistics
D.historical linguistics
【答案】C
【解析】这道于语言教学中,尤其是外语和第二语言教学。理论语言学、心理语言学、历史语言学都不属于应用语言学的范畴。因此,本题的正确答案为C 。
11.During language acquisition , children go through several stages , during which stage they begin to have sensitivity to the phonetic distinctions used in their parents’ language.( )
A.Holophrastic stage
B.Two word stage
C.Three word stage
D.Fluent grammatical conversation stage
【答案】A
【解析】孩子们的语言习得要经历三个阶段,单词句阶段,双词句阶段,以及三词句阶段。在单词句阶段,孩子们会对其父母话语中的语音特征特别敏感。
12.What is the minimal unit of meaning?( )
A.Phoneme.
B.Morpheme.
C.Allophone.
D.Allomorph.
【答案】B
【解析】词素是最小的意义单位。因此,本题的正确答案为B 。
13.( )sees errors as the result of the intrusion of LI habits over which the learner had no control.
A.error analysis
B.performance analysis
C.contrastive analysis
D.discourse analysis
【答案】C
【解析】对比分析是通过对比不同语言来确定潜在错误的方法,它将错误看作是受母语习惯的结果,并认为这 是学习者无法控制的。
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