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北京师范大学

2004年招收硕士学位研究生入学考试试题

专业：英语语言文学、外国语言学与应用语言学 科目代码：443

研究方向：语言学、语法学、 考试科目：英语语言学

1. Define the following terms(20 points)

1) langue

2) parole

3) allophone

4) semantic field

5) cohesion

2. Try to identify the possible paradigmatic relation between any items in the following poem by Lu Xun (i.e. tell if there is such a relation between which and which items): (10 points)

岂有豪情似旧时，花开花落两由之。

何期泪洒江南雨，又为斯民哭健儿！

3. Give some lexical items to illustrate social dialects. Try to explain their connotations. (20 points)

4. What can this rule mean in English grammar? (10 points)

{D}→ [-id]/[t] ─

5. Define the following sounds in terms of articulatory feature: (10 points)

1) ε

2) α

3) ν

4) ɡ

5) ∫

6. Try to tell some of the similarities and differences between English and Chinese nominal constructions. Supply some example. (Large units like relative constructions might also be considered.) (10 points)

7. We can use the pattern “it is …” (the cleft construction) to emphasize any part of a sentence except the predicate. What can we do if we must emphasize it? Please give examples to highlight your emphasis of any part of this sentence: (15 points) 8. Try to discuss as many as possible the design features of human language. (15 points)

9. Observe the following sentences:

老王找到老张，才找到他的儿子。

老王找到老张, 才找到他自己的儿子。

老王找到老张, 才找到自己的儿子

老王找到老张, 才找到儿子。

Which is clear in its meaning? Which one is unclear? Try to explain why. (You can use such jargons as reference or anaphor in your explication.) Point out some features of the Chinese language. (10 points)

10. Discuss the following two sentences, and tell why we can assign different values (meanings) to the year of fifteen: (10 points)

She is already fifteen, and yet she is crying over such a small thing.