北京第二外国语学院翻译(有答案)1997年考研试题研究生入学考试试题考研真题
● 摘要
北京第二外国语学院1997研究生入学考试试题
考试科目：翻译
一、将下列三部分汉语译成英语（50分）
（一）（10分）
1．中央政治局常务委员会 11．房地产业
2．十四届六中全会 12．中外合资法律
3．弘扬民族优秀文化 13．关税及贸易总协定
4．廉洁奉公 14．扭亏增盈
5．出口创汇型企业 15．纠正党风
6．晚婚晚育 16．经济特区
7．闭关自守 17．创新精神
8．清理“三角债” 18．解放和发展生产力
9．使人民的小康生活更加宽裕 19．证券市场
10．科教兴国战略 20．闯红灯
（二）（15分）
一个人的生命究竟有多大意义，这有什么标准可以衡量呢? 提出一个绝对标准当然很困难; 但是，大体上看一个人对待生命的态度是否严肃认真，看他对待劳动、工作等等的态度如何，也就不难对这个人的存在意义做出适当的估计了。
古来一切有成就的人，都很严肃地对待自己的生命，当他活着一天，总要尽量多劳动、多工作、多学习，不肯虚度年华，不让时间白白地浪费掉。我国历代的劳动人民以及大政治家、大思想
家等等都莫不如此。
（三）（25分）
人类自有文化就有文化交流。人类文化从总体上来说，是各国、各民族文化汇聚和交流的产物。在现代国家中，绝对不受外来影响的固有文化是不存在的。事实也近乎如此。中国古代的四大发明曾经给古代世界的文化发展以巨大的推动。汉唐文化对朝鲜、日本等毗邻国家的文化发展，更是给予了深刻而又久远的影响。同样，近代和现代西方的许多重要科学成果，也改变了并继续改变着当代中国人的生活。对外开放成了我国将要长期坚持不变的基本国策。这就为我们的国际文化交流，开辟了更为广阔的前景。我们向世界各国借鉴一切对我们有益的东西，用以建设自己的物质文明和精神文明。同时，我们又向各国人民介绍他们感兴趣的事物。通过相互交流，增进了解和友谊，促进科学文化的共同发展。
二、TRANSLATE THE FOLLOWING INTO CHINESE （50 分）
The second admirable quality of our gentry and professional class is the refusal to take bribes. Perhaps “refusal” is too strong a word, for he would be a daring man who even attempted to bribe this type of gentleman. "It would be like violating a nun!" as a "crook" once said to me, when for a moment he contemplated buying a private advantage from an English official. It is seldom thought of, and it is hardly ever done. Our Civil Servants in India, for instance, have repeated opportunities of making a lot of money by taking bribes, but I remember only one case of even a suspicion of corruption. This reputation for incorruptibility is the greatest of our advantages in administering the Empire. Its rarity among nearly all the other peoples I have known raises our officials almost to the level of divine superiority, and without it we could not hold the Empire together, nor would it be worth the pains. A business man who has worked long under the system of concessions in Russia tells me that it is now impossible to bribe the Commissar or other high officials there. That is an immense advance, for under Tsarism one had only to signify the chance of a good bribe and one got what one wanted. But nowadays on the suspicion of bribery both parties are shot off-hand. It is a drastic way of teaching what we have somehow learnt so smoothly that we are scarcely conscious of