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2018年福建师范大学外国语学院826英语综合之语言学教程考研基础五套测试题

  摘要

一、Multiple-Choice

1. Which of the following is NOT a derivational morpheme?( )

A.-ian.

B.’s.

C.multi-

D.-ism.

【答案】B

【解析】屈折词素在很大程度上纯属语法标志,表明时态、数、格等概念的粘着词素,如-ed ,-ing ,-s 等。B 选项为名词所有格词缀,属于曲折词缀,而其他三项都是派生词素derivational morpheme , 指与其他词素或词 联结时能构成或派生出新词的黏着词素因此,本题的正确答案为B 。

2. In a broad sentence, culture includes( ).

A. patterns of belief

B.customs , objects and institutions

C.techniques and language

D.all the above

【答案】D

【解析】文化,从广义上来说,是指一个民族的整体生活方式,包括信仰、习俗、物质、体制、技能、语言、 价值观等。因此,本题的正确答案为D 。

3. According to( )theory , grammar refers to the initial state of the human language faculty.

A.Saussure’s

B.Bloomfield’s

C.Chomsky’s

D.Halliday’s

【答案】D

【解析】韩礼德认为,人类语言能力的最初形式即是对语法知识的了解。

4. When the truth of sentence (a ) guarantees the truth of sentence (b ) , and the falsity of sentence (b ) guarantees the falsity of sentence (a ) , we can say that( ).

A.sentence (a ) presupposes sentence (b )

B.sentence (a ) entails sentence (b )

C.sentence (a ) is inconsistent with sentence (b )

D.sentence (a ) contradicts sentence (b )

【答案】B

【解析】如果a 蕴含b ,那么它们存在着如下的真值关系:当a 为真时,b 也一定为真;当b 为假时,a 为假。

5. ( )are language varieties appropriate for use in particular speech situations.

A.Slang

B.Address terms

C.Registers

D.Education varieties

【答案】C

【解析】语域是特殊人群使用的言语变体,通常指具有相同职业或具有同样爱好的人。某一语域通常具有自己 一些独特的词汇或使用词或短语的特殊方式,而使其与其他语域区分开来。

6. ( )is the study of psychological aspect of language.

A.language acquisition

B.applied linguistics

C.psycholinguistics

D.pragmatics

【答案】A

【解析】语言习得是从心理学的角度来研宄语言,主要研宄儿童不自觉地自然地掌握母语的过程。

二、True-or-false

7. Invention is a form of compounding, in which two words are blended by joining the initial part of the first word and the final part of the second word, or by joining the initial parts of the two words.( )

【答案】F

【解析】是Blending 。

8. When the vocal folds are apart, the air can pass through easily and the sound produced is said to be voiced.( )

【答案】F

【解析】在发音过程中,发音时声带不振动,这样所发出的音叫做清音。)

9. If two sentences have exactly the same ideational and interpersonal functions, they would be the same in terms of textual coherence.

【答案】F

【解析】概念功能和人际功能完全相同的两个句子可以有不同的语篇功能。

10.In the sound writing system, the reference of the grapheme is the phoneme.( )

【答案】T

【解析】字形是根据音位的表达写出来的。