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上海理工大学2005年硕士研究生入学考试试题

考试科目：基础英语

I ．Sentence Correction (10%)

Instructions: Rewrite the following sentences without changing the intended meaning:

1. It is essential that the temperature is not elevated to a point where the substance formed may become unstable and decompose into its constituent elements.

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2. When he was a little boy, Mark Twain would walk along the piers, watch the river boats, swimming and fish in the Mississippi, much as his famous character, Tom Sawyer.

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3. There are twenty species of wild roses in North America, all of them have prickly stems, pinnate leaves, and large flowers which usually smell sweetly.

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4. The final member of the Bach family, Dr. Otto Bach, died in 1893, taking with he the music genius had entertained Germany for two centuries.

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5. Living in New York, apartments cost more to rent than they do in other, smaller cities.

_______________________________________________________________________________ II ．Reading Comprehension (16%) Passage A

How is communication actually achieved? It depends, of course, either on a common language or on known conventions, or at least on the beginnings of these. If the common language and the conventions exist, the contributor, for example, the creative artist, the performer, or the reporter, tries to use them as well as he can. But often, especially with original artists and thinkers, the problem is in one way that of creating a language, or creating a convention, or at least of developing the language and conventions to the point where they are capable of bearing his precise meaning. In literature, in music, in the visual arts, in the sciences, in social thinking, in philosophy, this kind of development has occurred again and again. It often takes a long time to get through, and for many people it will remain difficult. But we need never think that it is impossible; creative energy is much more powerful than we sometimes suppose. While a man is engaged in this struggle to say new things in new ways, he is usually more than ever concentrated on the actual work, and not on its possible audience. Many artists and scientists share this fundamental unconcern about the ways in which their work will be received. They may be glad if it is understood and appreciated, hurt if it is not, but while the work is being done there can be no argument. The thing has to come out as the man himself sees it.

In this sense it is true that it is the duty of society to create conditions in which such men can live. For whatever the value of any individual contribution, the general body of work is of immense value to everyone. But of course things are not so formal, in reality. There is not society on the one hand and these individuals on the other. In ordinary living, and in his work, the contributor shares in the life of his society, which often affects him both in minor ways and in ways sometimes so deep that he is not even aware of them. His ability to make his work public depends on the actual communication system: the language itself, or certain visual or musical or scientific conventions, and the institutions through which the communication will be passed. The