中山大学语言学概论2003考研试题研究生入学考试试题考研真题
● 摘要
中山大学2003年攻读硕士学位研究生入学考试试题
科目代码：453
科目名称：语言学概论
参考答案：
I.
1.ally / / 2. adjourn/ /
3. ascend/ / 4.embryo /´ mbri /
5. lable / / 6. entrepreneur/ /
7. piteous / / 8. resurrect / /
9.nuisance / / 10. genre / /
II.
1. system
2. sounds
4.NoamChomsky
5. complementary distribution
6. free form
7. collocation
8.exocentric
9. The Meaning of Meaning
10. tenor
11.Sapir- Whorf
12.Handbook of American Indian Language
13. Systemic-Functional
14. Lingnan
15. cleft
III.
1. Design features refer to the defining properties of human language that distinguish it from any animal system of communication, such as arbitrariness, creativity.
2. Language is not an isolated phenomenon; it is a social activity carried out in a certain environment by human beings. In the course of time the study of language has established close links with other branches of social studies, resulting in some interdisciplinary branches of linguistics study. They are generally regarded as macrolinguistics, for example, sociolinguistics, and psycholinguistics.
3. When the air stream coming from the lungs meets with no obstruction whatsoever, the sound produced in this way is a vowel.
4. The two words in a language which differ form each other by only one distinctive sound (one phoneme) and which also differ in meaning are minimal pair. For example, the English words bear and pear are a minimal pair as they differ in meaning and in their initial phonemes /b/ and /p/.