食管癌切除术后,留置胃管出现不通畅时,可采取下列哪项护理措施() ["A.调整胃管的位置","B.立即报告医生","C.用少量生理盐水低压冲洗","D.拔出胃管,重新插入","E.将胃管拔出一半,再插入"]
胸外伤后出现严重皮下气肿和极度呼吸困难,首先应考虑为() ["A.血胸","B.肺挫伤","C.肋骨骨折","D.张力性气胸","E.脓胸"]
代谢性酸中毒时()代谢性碱中毒时() ["A.【HCO】相对增多","B.【HCO】相对减少","C.【HCO】相对增多","D.【HCO】相对减少","E.【HCO】、【HC0】均无变化"]
护理食管癌根治术后患者,应特别注意() ["A.保持大小便通畅","B.维持体液平衡","C.做好心理护理","D.鼓励早期下床活动","E.严格掌握患者进食时间"]
有一男性病人,65岁,肺叶切除术后一天合并胸腔积液和肺,肺不张、表现为头痛、发绀、谵妄。试问该病人有无酸碱平衡紊乱,如何诊断和治疗。
简述代谢性酸中毒的病因、临床表现、诊断、治疗。