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Part 1 Reading Comprehension (30% 20 X 1.5 30)

Directions: There are 4 passages in this part. Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. You should decide on the best choice and mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet.

Passage 1

Questions 1-5 are based on the following passage.

Researchers have established that when people are mentally engaged, biochemical changes occur in the brain that allow it to act more effectively in cognitive (iJdJl ) areas such as attention and memory. This is true regardless of age.

People will be alert and receptive if they are faced with information that gets them to think about things they are interested in. And someone with a history of doing more rather than less w!l1 go into old age more cognitively sound than someone \\·ho has not had an actiw mind.

Many experts are so convinced of the benefits of challenging the brain that they are putting I the theory to work in their own lives. "The idea is not necessarily to learn to memorize enormous amounts of information," says James Fozard, associate director of the National Institute on Aging. "Most of us don't need that kind of skilL Such specific training is less interest than being able to maintain mental alertness." Fozard and others say they challenge their brams with different, mental skills, both because they enjoy them and because they are sure that their range of activities will help the way their brains work.

Gene Cohen, acting director of the same institute, suggests that people in their old age should engage in mental and physical activities individually as well as in groups. Cohen says that we are frequently advlsed to keep physically active as we age, but older people need to keep I

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