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华侨大学2014年硕士研究生入学考试专业课试卷

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招生专业 英语语言文学 科目名称 翻译与写作 科目代码 862

Part One: Translation (75 points)

1) Translate the following passage into Chinese (35 points)

Another possibility already exists in the cultivation of connections between social sciences and the public. Half a century ago, sociologist Robert K. Merton observed: “Science, like any other activity involving social collaboration, is subject to shifting fortunes.” For the physical scientist, this meant coming to terms with not only the shifting public sentiments about science but also the social consequences of scientific work. Merton called the normative stability of scientific activity as the “belief of science” He described values and norms of three kinds: universalism, disinterestedness, and organized suspicion.

Assessing such a matter as “the end of welfare as we know it” or globalization or human rights always pushes the hot-buttons of public debate to points where some normative account of the role of social sciences may help in defining that role in more constructive ways. By universalism, Merton meant to point out that whatever one claims to be true must be subjected to pre-established impersonal criteria: “The acceptance or rejection of claims entering the lists of science is not to depend on the personal or social attributes of their protagonist; his race, nationality, religion, class, and personal qualities are as such irrelevant. Objectivity excludes particularism.” The norm of social-scientific universalism rejects the claim that the validity of what is stated is determined beforehand by who makes the statement, or where such statements are made, or how research is funded.

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